Dada concept

 Dadaism, as an avant- garde artistic current , characterized by breaking with tradition, considered within the "anti-art" movements, was born in 1916, in Zurich (Switzerland) as a product of the work of refugee artists from the First World War, among which are exhibitors from the field of painting, literature and music.

Among other important Dadaists who helped to materialize its emergence, we can name the German poet Hugo Ball (1886-1927) accused of being a traitor to his country. His criticism of nationalisms was expressed in the "Inaugural Manifesto of the First Dada Evening" of 1916, and he founded a place for political and poetic meetings called "Cabaret Voltaire", where the idea was gestated and put into practice. 

Dada

Another of the fathers of this form of expression was the Romanian poet, Trstan Tzara (1896-1963) who was the author of "The first celestial adventure of Mr. Antipirina" (1916), "Twenty-five Poems" (1918), and the " Seven Dada manifestos" (1924). He organized with other Dadaists absurd street performances, which were aimed at provoking the bourgeois class and its art forms.

It is a movement, contrary to the First World War, to the eternal principles and to positivism , which favors freedom, disorder, the chaotic and spontaneity, letting emotions flow without the limits of reason, being contrary to the capitalist forms, consumerism, and the apathetic and socially disinterested artists of the time, exposing their thoughts in an ironic, pessimistic and rebellious way, hence the very name "dada" does not mean anything specific , logically speaking, being related to a term used in French to refer in children's language to toy horses, which was chosen because it was the first one that appeared, when opening, randomly, a page of the dictionary .

Dadaism is more than an artistic expression , since it transcends it to be a way of life that breaks with social conventions and traditions.

Another of these prominent pioneers was the Franco-German poet, painter and sculptor Hans Arp (1886-1966).

They used things they found by chance to represent their works, like the case of the German artist Kurt Schwitters who made collages using old papers. In poetry, no type of rules are followed in the construction of the verses, resulting in confusion and often incoherence, with a mocking tone and criticism of consumerism.

Dada from Europe carried over to the United States and was an antecedent to Surrealism , which also originated on the European continent .

dagger concept

The word dagger came to us from the French "dague", being uncertain where it came from in this language. Perhaps it was from the Persian “teg” which means sword, or from the Latin “daca”, among several possibilities, none confirmed.

A dagger is a bladed weapon, larger than a dagger, but smaller than a sword, with a flat, pointed, double-edged blade, made of steel or iron.

In ancient times, the Romans called them "pugios", and they were considered as auxiliary weapons. Its blade measured between 20 and 25 centimeters. They had an anatomical grip, which made them a very good combat weapon. Its scabbards were made of wood, and were covered in leather.

During the Middle Ages , daggers were small, so they could be hidden in clothing, and had straight or curved blades, the latter being less effective for stabbing.

dagger

Between the 13th and 15th centuries, "testicular daggers" were used (because of their resemblance to the male genitalia) which, originating in Italy, became popular in England as civilian weapons, under the name of "kidney daggers".

In the 16th century, the “left hand daggers”, which originated in Italy and soon spread throughout Europe, were used in the sport of fencing, accompanying the sword that was used with the right hand. The "daggers in the left hand" were intended to stop the opponent's blow, or remove the point of their sword, or wound them. In Spain, they were known as "candle daggers", and their blades were triangular in shape.

In the 16th and 17th centuries, first in Switzerland and then in Germany, “Holbein daggers” were used, named after the Renaissance painter Hans Holbein, who decorated them. The blade measures around 60 centimeters and has letter H format garnishes.

A design similar to Holbein daggers, they were used by the Nazis from December 1933, by members of the Schutzstaffel (SS). They had blades made of Damascus steel and a hilt of ebony, stained black, with the inscription SS in the center of a spread-winged eagle, on which was the symbol of the swastika.

In the American continent , the aborigines, and later the Creoles, also used daggers, being very popular the one belonging to the Buenos Aires gaucho, Juan Moreira, who was more properly a facón, but that the writer Eduardo Gutiérrez, in his book "Juan Moreira He described it as a dagger, with a silver handle, given to him in 1866 by the governor of the province of Buenos Aires, Adolfo Alsina, whose bodyguard he was.

damage concept

From the Latin "dagnum", the word damage is the evil, impairment or damage suffered by something ("The storm damaged the entire harvest" or "Juan caused great damage by setting fire to the field by throwing the butt of a lit cigarette) or a person, in the latter case being material or physical, or moral ("He shot him in the head causing irreversible brain damage " or "With his hurtful words, he caused him great emotional damage, which led him to a depressive state" .

The damage can be caused by the work of nature (which in most cases is not compensable), by the owner of the thing or by the person himself, or be caused by the work of a third party, intentionally or intentionally, or negligently or negligently, or merely accidental. In the first two cases (damage caused by intent or negligence) the victim can demand reparation for the damage suffered, through the action for damages, for civil liability , which is a civil action or demand the criminal conviction of the author of the damage if his actions could fit into a criminal figure, such as the crime of injuries.

damage

Consequential damage is the harm actually suffered, material or moral. Material damage is measured by the patrimonial decrease suffered by the victim; the moral is subjective, and affects the person who suffers it in their feelings, decorum, honor or reputation of it. In this case, the Judge must do more analytical work to investigate the real damage suffered according to the particular circumstances of each case. Collateral damage, is unwanted damage that occurs as a consequence of the intentional damage caused. It is a term of fundamentally military use.

It is known in medicine as brain damage to that which affects the higher functions of the brain due to infections, tumors or trauma.